Computer programming language

Programming languages
Programming language, or often termed also with computer languages, is the technique of command / instruction standards to govern the computer. This programming language is a set of rules of syntax and semantics used to define computer programs. This language allows a programmer can specify exactly which data to be processed by the computer, how this data will be stored / transmitted, and precisely what kind of steps to be taken in various situations.
According to the proximity to the engine computer, programming language consists of:

    Machine language, that is to give instructions to the computer by using the binary language code, for example, 01100101100110
    Low Level Languages, or known as assembly language (Assembly bah.Inggris), which gives orders to the computer by using a short code (mnemonic codes), eg MOV, SUB, CMP, JMP, JGE, JL, LOOP, etc..
    Language Intermediate, which is a computer language that uses a mixture of instruction in the words of human language (see sample language High Level below) and instructions that are symbolic, ie {,},?, <<,>>, & &, | |, etc..
    High Level Language, which is a computer language that uses elements of the instruction comes from the words of human language, for example, begin, end, if, for, while, and, or, etc..
Most programming languages ​​are classified as High Level Languages, only the C language which is classified as an Intermediate Language and Assembly Language Level is Low.[Edit] List of Programming Languages
Here is a list of computer programming languages:

    ABC
    There is
    ALGOL
    Applescript
    Assembly
    BASIC:
        ASP
        BASIC
        Comal
        Visual Basic
        Visual Basic for Applications
        VBScript
    Batch (MS-DOS)
    COBOL
    UNIX shell script:
        Bourne shell (sh) script
        Bourne-Again shell (bash) scripts
        Korn shell (ksh) script
        C shell (csh) script
    C:
        C + +
        C #
        Visual C + +
    ColdFusion
    dBase et al.:
        Clipper
        Foxbase
        Visual FoxPro
    Eiffel
    Fortran
    Go
    Haskell
    Java
        JavaScript
        JSP
    Lisp
    Logo
    Pascal
        Delphi
    Perl
    Prologue
    Python
    PHP
    Pike
    R
    REXX
    REBOL
    RPG
    Ruby
    Simula
    Smalltalk
    Scheme
    SQL
Source: www.wikipedia.com

Internet

This article is about the public worldwide computer network system. For other uses, see Internet (disambiguation).

Tree of routing paths through a portion of the Internet as visualized by the Opte Project.

Computer network types by geographical scope
Body (BAN) Personal (PAN) Near-me (NAN) Local (LAN) Home (HAN) Storage (SAN) Campus (CAN) Backbone Metropolitan (MAN) Wide (WAN) Internet Interplanetary Internet
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The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW) and the infrastructure to support electronic mail.
Most traditional communications media including telephone, music, film, and television are reshaped or redefined by the Internet, giving birth to new services such as Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and IPTV. Newspaper, book and other print publishing are adapting to Web site technology, or are reshaped into blogging and web feeds. The Internet has enabled or accelerated new forms of human interactions through instant messaging, Internet forums, and social networking. Online shopping has boomed both for major retail outlets and small artisans and traders. Business-to-business and financial services on the Internet affect supply chains across entire industries.
The origins of the Internet reach back to research of the 1960s, commissioned by the United States government in collaboration with private commercial interests to build robust, fault-tolerant, and distributed computer networks. The funding of a new U.S. backbone by the National Science Foundation in the 1980s, as well as private funding for other commercial backbones, led to worldwide participation in the development of new networking technologies, and the merger of many networks. The commercialization of what was by the 1990s an international network resulted in its popularization and incorporation into virtually every aspect of modern human life. As of 2009, an estimated one-quarter of Earth's population uses the services of the Internet.
The Internet has no centralized governance in either technological implementation or policies for access and usage; each constituent network sets its own standards. Only the overreaching definitions of the two principal name spaces in the Internet, the Internet Protocol address space and the Domain Name System, are directed by a maintainer organization, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). The technical underpinning and standardization of the core protocols (IPv4 and IPv6) is an activity of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), a non-profit organization of loosely affiliated international participants that anyone may associate with by contributing technical expertise.

Contents

[hide]

• 1 Terminology
• 2 History
• 3 Technology
  • 3.1 Protocols
  • 3.2 Structure
• 4 Governance
• 5 Modern uses
• 6 Services
  • 6.1 Information
  • 6.2 Communication
  • 6.3 Data transfer
• 7 Access
• 8 Social impact
• 9 See also
• 10 Notes
• 11 References
• 12 Further reading
• 13 External links
•  Source: www.wikipedia.com